Symptoms of high cholesterol

High cholesterol is one of the most significant risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. However, many are not aware that high cholesterol may not cause clear symptoms, making it particularly dangerous. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the symptoms, risks, and preventive measures associated with high cholesterol.

Cholesterol is a fatty substance that the body needs for building cells and producing hormones. There are two types of cholesterol: LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein), often referred to as "bad cholesterol," and HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein), known as "good cholesterol."When the level of LDL cholesterol in the blood becomes too high, it can accumulate in the walls of the arteries, leading to atherosclerosis, or hardening and narrowing of the arteries. This can cause serious health problems, such as heart attacks and strokes.

Xanthelasma are yellowish, raised fat deposits that usually appear on or around the eyelids. These deposits are a sign of high cholesterol and can be the first visible symptom.

Arcus senilis is a gray or white ring that forms around the cornea.It is common in older adults, but if it occurs before the age of 45, it may be a sign of high cholesterol.

When cholesterol plaque accumulates on the walls of the arteries, it can restrict blood flow to the heart, causing chest pain, also known as angina. This pain may occur during exertion and subside at rest.

One of the most serious symptoms of high cholesterol is a heart attack. This occurs when a cholesterol plaque ruptures and forms a blood clot that blocks blood flow to the heart. Symptoms of a heart attack include severe chest pain, shortness of breath, nausea, and dizziness.

High cholesterol can also lead to a stroke.This occurs when a blood vessel in the brain becomes blocked, preventing oxygen from reaching the brain. Symptoms of a stroke include sudden weakness, speech difficulties, loss of vision in one eye, and numbness of the face, arm, or leg.

If high cholesterol causes narrowing of the arteries in the limbs, it can lead to peripheral artery disease (PAD). Symptoms of this condition include coldness, numbness, or pain in the legs or arms, especially during exercise.

Genetic factors can influence cholesterol levels, and familial hypercholesterolemia is a condition where high cholesterol runs in families. This significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases.

A diet high in saturated and trans fats can raise cholesterol levels. It is important to limit red meat, fatty dairy products, and processed foods, and instead favor fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats such as olive oil and avocados.

A lack of exercise can lead to high LDL cholesterol levels and low HDL cholesterol levels. Regular physical activity, such as walking, cycling, or swimming, can help keep cholesterol levels in check.

Being overweight and obesity increase the risk of high cholesterol.In particular, abdominal obesity is a significant risk factor, as it is associated with increased LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels, as well as decreased HDL cholesterol levels.

Smoking damages the walls of blood vessels and lowers HDL cholesterol levels, which increases the risk of atherosclerosis.

The diagnosis of high cholesterol is usually made through a blood test that measures blood lipid levels. If cholesterol levels are elevated, the doctor may recommend lifestyle changes, such as improving diet and increasing physical activity. In some cases, medication may be needed, such as statins, which lower LDL cholesterol.

Statins are the most commonly used medications for the treatment of high cholesterol. They inhibit cholesterol production in the liver and help lower LDL cholesterol.

Fibrates help lower triglyceride levels and may slightly raise HDL cholesterol. They are often used in conjunction with statins.

Ezetimibe reduces the absorption of cholesterol in the intestine, thereby lowering LDL cholesterol. It can be effective in combination with statins or alone if statins are not suitable for the patient.

Lowering high cholesterol naturally is possible by making healthy lifestyle choices. Primarily, dietary changes play a key role. Favor a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes. In particular, fiber-rich foods such as oats and barley can help lower LDL cholesterol by binding cholesterol in the intestines and removing it from the body. 

It is also important to consume healthy fats, such as omega-3 fatty acids. These are found particularly in fatty fish like salmon, mackerel, and sardines, as well as in nuts, seeds, and olive oil. Omega-3 fatty acids can lower triglyceride levels and improve heart health.In addition, nuts such as almonds and walnuts have been found to be beneficial in lowering LDL cholesterol.

Regular exercise is also an essential part of naturally lowering cholesterol. Aerobic activities such as walking, cycling, or swimming can raise good HDL cholesterol levels while helping to reduce bad LDL cholesterol amounts. The goal should be to aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise per week.

Weight management is another important factor, particularly reducing abdominal obesity, which can directly affect cholesterol levels. Additionally, quitting smoking and limiting alcohol consumption can significantly improve cholesterol values and heart health.

With these natural methods, you can manage cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of heart and vascular diseases without medication, promoting overall well-being.

High cholesterol is a serious health risk that can lead to life-threatening conditions such as heart attacks and strokes. Although high cholesterol often does not cause obvious symptoms, its effects can be devastating. Therefore, it is important to have cholesterol levels checked regularly, especially if you have a hereditary predisposition to high cholesterol or other risk factors. Healthy lifestyles, such as a balanced diet and regular exercise, are key to managing cholesterol and maintaining heart health. 

Take care of yourself and make cholesterol level measurement a part of your health routine. Only conscious treatment and prevention can prevent the serious consequences of high cholesterol.